That's why they have this doctrine of military-civil fusion, which means that everything that a nominally civilian institution has is available to the Chinese military.

The Chinese regime has prioritized a military development strategy known as "military-civil fusion," Pompeo said, referring to its effort of leveraging private industry and university research to advance its military.

China’s economic and military realms are tightly intertwined to include development and exploitation of dual-use technology to accelerate PLA modernization programs as part of an enduring strategy of “civil-military fusion.”

The list will consider for each nation “the risk of civil-military fusion, and the risk of their [technology] misuse for human rights violations.”

This orientation rests on China's military-civil fusion strategy: Beijing weaponizes integration into open, cooperative global systems for offensive ends.

"The State Department issued a comprehensive list of more than 1,100 Chinese companies that are either complicit in the Chinese Communist Party’s Uyghur genocide and human rights abuses or part of the CCP’s Military-Civil Fusion," he added.

The report also pointed out that, in 2017, Beijing created a Military-Civil Fusion Development Commission to speed up the transfer of AI technology from commercial companies and research institutes to the Chinese military.

“Then it turns into information that is usable in a variety of contexts, whether it's China's social credit system, efforts related to military civil fusion, efforts related to military intelligence collection,” Hoffman added.

Any collaboration with these defense universities boosted the regime's "civil-military fusion" strategy—a military development plan that seeks to integrate private-sector innovations into the PLA's industrial base, the report said.

The Epoch Times reported in the run-up to the 70th anniversary celebration that China under Xi has embraced a ‘Military-Civil Fusion’ strategy aimed at fully-integrating its civilian industry base into the People’s Liberation Army supply chain.

Because there are 1200 companies and subsidiaries that are on the Pentagon list, and that's for military-civil fusion.

It stated that Beijing uses ostensibly private companies to support military and intelligence activities under the strategy of "civil-military fusion." In Beijing, a foreign ministry spokeswoman said the regime opposed the new blacklistings.

The CCP also uses a "civil-military fusion" strategy to harness technological developments from the private sector to fuel its military modernization.

This confusing policy situation of the government of the Solomon Islands appears to be fueled by the presence of Chinese emissaries of civil-military fusion companies.

Introduced in Beijing on March 5, the proposal calls for the cooperation between the military and civilians, or what it termed “civil-military fusion,” to equip the armed forces with artificial intelligence-powered weapons and other cutting-edge technologies

In 2017, the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) formally codified its Civil-Military Fusion doctrine. The doctrine allows the PLA to repurpose civilian technology and research for military use.

"China is aggressively modernizing its military, systematically stealing science and technology, and seeking military advantage through a strategy of military-civil fusion," he wrote in prepared testimony to the committee, which is considering a $718

The consensus of everyone I talked to is that the Belt and Road Initiative imbued extensively with civil-military fusion at the direction of the Chinese Communist Party, had quickly established a strong perception of the Chinese as the new colonial masters

Both WeChat and TikTok collect vast swaths of data from users and are active participants in China’s “civil-military fusion and is subject to mandatory cooperation with the intelligence services of the CCP,” according to the U.S.

From the perspective of the CCP, the civilian and military economies are quite linked, Mr. Ward said, calling it a civil–military fusion.

Now China doesn't adhere to this treaty, and even as a “private” company, HKATG would have to obey Chinese “civil-military fusion” regulations that would oblige it to follow Chinese government and military orders.

As I said, I believe we should be banning private companies' investment into private companies as well, because of this doctrine of civil-military fusion. This is a unified communist state.

In 2017, the People’s Liberation Army formally codified its Civil-Military Fusion doctrine, which mandates that technologies developed by private companies and institutions can be repurposed for military use if needed.

It is opaque in implementing its military modernisation and its publicly declared military-civil fusion strategy. It is also cooperating militarily with Russia, including through participation in Russian exercises in the Euro-Atlantic area.

In a lengthy list of amendments, Blackburn called for a deficit-neutral reserve fund related to "preventing the support or implementation of the civil-military fusion strategy of the communist party of China."

China’s “military-civil fusion”–which calls for private sector assistance in the country’s military objectives – was inscribed as a strategic priority in the Chinese Communist Party’s constitution in October 2017.

Then there's the problem of military-civil fusion in China.

China follows a doctrine known as military-civil fusion, where any development with potential military application must be done in coordination with the military.

The Risk of Civil-Military Fusion A further risk to BRI partner nations has been the decision by the CCP to establish a civil-military fusion doctrine (MCF), which means any Chinese SOE can be used for military purposes at any time.

Most Latin Americans had no idea about this doctrine of military-civil fusion. I always emphasize when I speak to them that in the United States we call this civil-military relations, but we put the civil first.