I do not expect the retail sales report on Tuesday to influence the Fed, but I hope the FOMC statement will refer to better-than-expected inflation news rather than anticipating an inflation “bogeyman” that has not materialized.
Wrestling With Inflation
Consumer sentiment and retail sales data were released as new inflation figures suggest that price pressures may be building in the U.S. economy.
This week, the headline annual inflation rate for July remained unchanged at 2.7 percent, a lower-than-expected level. Core inflation rose to 3.1 percent from 3 percent, higher than the market forecast.
Inflation is a wicked beast that cannot be controlled directly. On the campaign trail, Trump spoke often about how it was the throttling of the energy sector that kicked off inflation.
The Cleveland Fed's Inflation Nowcasting model estimates the headline annual inflation rate will edge up to 2.4 percent from 2.3 percent. Additionally, the PCE inflation price index is expected to come in at 2.4 percent.
However, James Smith, developed markets economist for ING, said evidence from the eurozone, where fresh food inflation is falling, “suggests inflation at the supermarkets is probably more or less at its peak”.
Inflation expectations are also rising. Long-run inflation projections climbed from 3.5 percent in January to 3.9 percent in February—the largest month-over-month increase since 1993.
A letter, organised by industry group the British Retail Consortium (BRC) and addressed to Rachel Reeves, argues that limiting the tax burden on grocers would help tackle food inflation.
The Federal Reserve's preferred inflation measure slowed sharply in March, spotlighting the further stabilization of inflation in the first three months of 2025.
“This is the highest annual inflation rate since July 2024, following several months of easing inflation,” said Michelle Marquardt, ABS head of prices statistics.
A plethora of economists and independent policy organizations have sounded the inflation alarm, warning that Trump’s tariffs will resuscitate inflation pressures.
The core measures of inflation, which are closely tracked by the Bank of Canada, however, stayed elevated, Statistics Canada said.
On a month-on-month basis, inflation rose by 0.3 percent, Statscan said.
Commodity funds also tend to beat inflation. Fixed-rate bonds typically underperform during high-inflation.
Disinflation
When the rate at which prices are rising slows, you get disinflation.
Ultimately, nearly all meeting participants viewed upside risks to inflation and downside risks to employment.
The headline annual inflation rate is forecast to slow to 2 percent by 2027.